Chinese scientists have set a new record in satellite communication by successfully sending data from a satellite in geostationary orbit using a low-powered laser. The July 2025 test transmitted data over 36,000 km using just a 2-watt laser beam, achieving speeds of 1 Gbps, which is about five times faster than average speeds on Elon Musk’s Starlink network, reported the Economic Times.
The test was carried out by researchers from Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It used a combination of adaptive optics and mode diversity reception to correct the distortions and maintain signal quality, despite atmospheric interference.
False claims circulated online stating that China had used the laser to destroy or damage Starlink satellites. These claims have been proven to be false, reported the Economic Times. The experiment was focused on data transmission, not weaponry. No satellites were harmed or targeted during the test, as per the reports.
The laser operated in the near-infrared spectrum and was aimed at a ground station. Despite its low power, which was less than a household lightbulb, it delivered high-speed data through Earth’s atmosphere.
While this test was peaceful, US defense officials have warned of China’s growing capabilities in space. General Chance Saltzman of the US Space Force has raised concerns about China’s development of anti-satellite tools, including lasers, electronic jammers, cyberattacks, and kinetic weapons, reported the Economic Times.
The success of this test shows that optical communications could be a major step forward for satellite technology. It may also reduce the need for large constellations of low-Earth orbit satellites like Starlink or Amazon’s Kuiper.